Core Web Programming -- Table of Contents

Note: this page applies to the now-obsolete first edition of the book. For the second edition, please see http://www.corewebprogramming.com.

For more info, see the reader reviews, the on-line ordering page, the source code archive (250+ Java classes, 200+ HTML/JavaScript docs presented in the book), or a sample chapter in HTML ("Graphical User Interface Controls" from the Java section).

Table of Contents
Introduction 1. Designing Web Pages with HTML 3.2 2. Block-Level Elements in HTML 3.2 3. Text-Level Elements in HTML 3.2 4. Frames 5. Cascading Style Sheets 6. Getting Started with Java 7. Object-Oriented Programming in Java 8. Basic Java Syntax 9. Applets, Graphical Applications, and Basic Drawing 10. Handling Mouse and Keyboard Events	11. Windows 12. Arranging Windows Using Layout Managers 13. Graphical User Interface Controls 14. Concurrent Programming Using Java Threads 15. Client-Server Programming in Java 16. The HyperText Transfer Protocol 17. CGI Programming and Beyond--The Client Side 18. CGI Programming and Beyond--The Server Side 19. JavaScript: Adding Dynamic Content to Web Pages 20. JavaScript Quick Reference

Introduction

Real Code for Real Programmers.
How This Book is Organized.
Conventions.
About the CD-ROM.
Acknowledgments.
About the Author.

1. Designing Web Pages with HTML 3.2

The HyperText Markup Language.
HTML 3.2 and Other HTML Standards.
- HTML Specifications
- HTML Scripting and Dynamic HTML
Publishing Your Document on the Web.
- Create the Document
- Put the Document on the Web
- Validate the Document
The Basic Structure of HTML Documents.
- HTML Document Template
- Frames
HEAD Elements.
- Required HEAD Element
- Optional HEAD Elements
BODY--Creating the Main Document.
Summary.

2. Block-Level Elements in HTML 3.2

Headings.
Basic Text Sections.
- Basic Paragraphs
- Paragraphs with Whitespace Preserved
- Paragraphs with Interpretation of HTML Turned Off
- Indented Quotations
- Addresses
Numbered, Bulleted, and Indented Lists.
- Numbered Lists
- Bulleted Lists
- Definition Lists
Tables.
- The Basic Table Structure
- Defining Table Rows
- Table Headings and Data Cells
Fill-Out Forms.
Miscellaneous Block-Level Elements.
Summary.

3. Text-Level Elements in HTML 3.2

Physical Character Styles.
Logical Character Styles.
Specifying Hypertext Links.
Embedded Images.
- Animated GIFs
- The IMG Element
Client-Side Image Maps: Creating Clickable Regions in Embedded Images.
Embedding Other Objects in Documents.
- Embedding Java Programs
- Embedding Video, Audio, and other Formats via Plugins
- Embedding ActiveX Controls
- Scrolling Text Banners
Controlling Line Breaks.
Summary.

4. Frames

Frame Document Template.
Specifying Frame Layout.
Specifying the Content of Frame Cells.
- Examples
Targeting Frame Cells.
Predefined Frame Names.
- _blank
- _top
- _parent
- _self
Solving Common Frame Problems.
- Bookmarking Frames
- Printing Frames
- Updating Multiple Frame Cells Simultaneously
- Preventing Your Documents From Being Framed
- Specifying FRAMESETs with Only a Single Entry
- Creating Empty Frame Cells
Inline Frames.
Summary.

5. Cascading Style Sheets

Specifying Style Rules.
Using Local and External Style Sheets.
- The STYLE Element and JavaScript Style Sheets
- External Style Sheets
- Importing Style Sheets Using "@import"
- Inline Style Specification
Selectors.
- HTML Elements
- HTML Elements in Certain Contexts
- User-Defined Classes
- User-Defined IDs
- Anchor Pseudo Classes
- Typographical Pseudo Elements
Cascading: Style Sheet Precedence Rules.
- Rules marked "important" have the highest priority
- Author's rules have precedence over reader's rules
- More specific rules have precedence over less specific rules
- In case of a tie, the last rule specified has priority
Font Properties.
Foreground and Background Properties.
Text Properties.
Properties of the Bounding Box.
- Margins
- Borders
- Padding
- Bounding Box Display Types
Images and Floating Elements.
Properties of Lists.
Standard Property Units.
- Lengths
- Colors
Layers.
Specifying Layers Using the LAYER and ILAYER Elements.
- An Example
Specifying Layers Using Style Sheets.
- Layer Properties
- An Example
Summary.

6. Getting Started with Java

Unique Features of Java.
- Java is Web-Enabled and Network Savvy
- Java is Cross-Platform
- Java is Simple
- Java is Object Oriented
- Java Has Lots of Powerful Standard Libraries
Myths About Java.
- Java is Only for the Web
- Java is Cross-Platform
- Java is Simple
- Object-Oriented Programming is the One True Way
- All Software Should Be Developed in Java
Java Versions.
- Which Version Should You Use?
Getting Started: Nuts and Bolts.
- Install Java
- Install a Java-Enabled Browser
- Bookmark or Install the On-Line Java API
- Optional: Get an Integrated Development Environment
- Create and Run a Java Program
Some Simple Java Programs.
- The Basic Hello World Application
- Command-Line Arguments
- The Basic Hello World (Wide Web) Applet
- Applet Customization Parameters
Summary.

7. Object-Oriented Programming in Java

Instance Variables.
Methods.
Constructors and the "this" Reference.
- Static Initialization Blocks
Destructors.
Overloading.
Public Version in Separate File.
Javadoc.
- Tagged Paragraphs
- Javadoc Command-Line Arguments
- Fixing Hypertext Links: The Images Subdirectory and the Standard API
Inheritance.
Interfaces and Abstract Classes.
Packages and the Classpath.
- The Classpath
Modifiers in Declarations.
- Visibility Modifiers
- Other Modifiers
Summary.

8. Basic Java Syntax

Primitive Types.
- Primitive-Type Conversion
Operators.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Conditionals
- Loops
The Math class.
- Constants
- General-Purpose Methods
- Trigonometric Methods
- BigInteger and BigDecimal
Input and Output.
- Printing to Standard Output
- Printing to Standard Error
- Reading from Standard Input
Executing Non-Java Programs.
Reference Types.
- Java Argument-Passing Conventions
- The instanceof Operator
Strings.
- Methods in the String Class
Vectors.
- Constructors
- Methods
Example: A Simple Binary Tree.
Arrays.
- Two-Step Array Allocation
- One-Step Array Allocation
- Multidimensional Arrays
Exceptions.
- Basic Form
- Multiple Catch Clauses
- The Finally Clause
- Throwing Exceptions
- Unchecked Exceptions
Summary.

9. Applets, Graphical Applications, and Basic Drawing

What are Applets?
Creating an Applet.
- Java Template
- HTML Template
An Example Applet.
- Automatic Redrawing
- Reloading Applets During Development
- Getting Standard Output
The Applet Life Cycle.
Other Applet Methods.
The HTML APPLET Tag.
Reading Applet Parameters.
- Reading Applet Parameters: An Example
Graphical Applications.
Graphics Operations.
- Drawing Operations
- Colors and Fonts
- Drawing Modes
- Coordinates and Clipping Rectangles
Setting Line Thicknesses: The GraphicsUtil Class.
Drawing Images.
- Loading Applet Images from Relative URLs
- Loading Applet Images from Absolute URLs
- Loading Images in Applications
Preloading Images.
Controlling Image Loading: Waiting for Images and Checking Status.
Summary.

10. Handling Mouse and Keyboard Events

Handling Events in Java 1.02.
- The Event Class
Event-Handling Helper Methods in Java 1.02.
- Mouse Events
- Keyboard Events
- Focus Events
- Action Events
- An Event Recorder Using Java 1.02
Java 1.02 Event Types.
Performing Graphics Operations in Event-Handling Methods.
- Example: Whiteboard Applet
- A Better Whiteboard
Handling Events in Java 1.1.
- Listeners and Adapters
- Inner Classes
- Low-Level Event Processing
Event Listeners in Java 1.1.
Summary.

11. Windows

Canvas.
- Major Purposes
- Default LayoutManager: None
- Creating and Using
- Example: A Circle Component
- Example: An ImageLabel Class
The Component Class.
Lightweight Components in Java 1.1.
Panel.
- Major Purposes
- Default LayoutManager: FlowLayout
- Creating and Using
- Example: Using a Panel for Grouping
The Container Class.
Lightweight Containers in Java 1.1.
Applet.
- Major Purpose
- Default LayoutManager: FlowLayout
- Creating and Using
ScrollPane.
- Major Purpose
- Default LayoutManager: None
- Creating and Using
- Example
Frame.
- Major Purpose
- Default LayoutManager: BorderLayout
- Creating and Using: Option 1 -- A Fixed-Size Frame
- Creating and Using: Option 2 -- A Frame That Stretches Depending on What It Contains
- Example: A Quittable Frame
- Example2: A Class that Can Be Run as an Applet or an Application
- Menus
- Other Useful Frame Methods
Serializing Windows.
- Writing a Window to Disk
- Reading a Window from Disk
- Example: A Saveable Frame
Dialog.
- Major Purposes
- Default LayoutManager: BorderLayout
- Creating and Using
- Example: A Quit Confirmation Dialog
FileDialog.
- Major Purpose
- Default LayoutManager: None
- Creating and Using
- Example: Displaying Files in a TextArea
Window.
- Major Purpose
- Default LayoutManager: BorderLayout
- Creating and Using: Option 1 -- A Fixed-Size Window
- Creating and Using: Option 2 -- A Window That Stretches Depending on What It Contains
- Example
The ImageLabel Class.
- Major Purposes
- Creating and Using
- Example
- Source Code
Summary.

12. Arranging Windows Using Layout Managers

FlowLayout.
- FlowLayout Constructor Options
- Other FlowLayout Methods
BorderLayout.
- BorderLayout Constructor Options
- Other BorderLayout Methods
GridLayout.
- GridLayout Constructor Options
- Other GridLayout Methods
CardLayout.
- CardLayout Constructor Options
- Other CardLayout Methods
GridBagLayout.
- The GridBagConstraints Object
- Example
- GridBagLayout Constructor Options
- Other GridBagLayout Methods
Turning Off the LayoutManager.
Using Layout Managers Effectively.
- Use Nested Containers
- Turn Off the Layout Manager for Some Containers
- Use a Custom Layout Manager
- Adjust the Empty Space Around Components
Writing a Custom LayoutManager.
- The LayoutManager Interface
- The LayoutManager2 Interface
- Example: RowLayout
Summary.

13. Graphical User Interface Controls

Note: The entire contents of this chapter is available on-line.

Handling Action Events in GUI Controls.
- Processing Action Events in Individual Components in Java 1.0
- Processing Action Events in Containers in Java 1.0
- Processing Action Events in Individual Components in Java 1.1
- Processing Action Events in Other Objects in Java 1.1
Buttons.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other Button Methods
- Handling Button Events
An Image Button Class.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other ImageButton Methods
- Handling ImageButton Events
- Source Code
Checkboxes.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other Checkbox Methods
- Handling Events
Checkbox Groups (Radio Buttons).
- Constructors
- Example
- Other CheckboxGroup and Checkbox Methods
- Handling CheckboxGroup Events
Choice Menus (Combo Boxes).
- Constructor
- Example
- Other Choice Methods
- Handling Choice Events
List Boxes.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other List Methods
- Handling List Events
TextFields.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other TextField Methods
- Handling TextField Events
TextAreas.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other TextArea Methods
- Handling Events
Labels.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other Label Methods
- Handling Events
Scrollbars and Sliders.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other Scrollbar Methods
- Handling Scrollbar Events
A Slider Class.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other Slider Methods
- Handling Slider Events
- Source Code
Popup Menus.
- Constructors
- Example
- Other PopUpMenu Methods
- Handling PopUpMenu Events
Summary.

14. Concurrent Programming Using Java Threads

Starting Threads.
- Mechanism 1: Put behavior in a separate Thread object
- Mechanism 2: Pub behavior in the driver class, which must implement Runnable
Race Conditions.
Synchronization.
- Synchronizing a section of code
- Synchronizing an entire method
Thread Methods.
- Constructors
- Constants
- Methods
- Using Threads in Netscape 3.0x
Thread Groups.
- Constructors
- Methods
Multi-Threaded Graphics and Double-Buffering.
- Redraw everything in paint
- Implement the dynamic part as a separate Component
- Have routines other than paint directly do drawing operations
- Override update and have paint do incremental updating
- Double buffering
Summary.

15. Client-Server Programming in Java

Implementing a Client.
- Example: A Generic Network Client
Parsing Strings Using StringTokenizer.
- The java.util.StringTokenizer Class
- Constructors
- Methods
- Example: An Interactive Tokenizer
Example: A Client to Verify E-Mail Addresses.
Example: A Network Client that Retrieves URLs.
- A Class to Retrieve a Given URI from a Given Host
- A Class to Retrieve a Given URL
- UrlRetriever Output
The URL Class.
- Reading from a URL
- Other Useful Methods of the URL Class
Implementing a Server.
- Example: A Generic Network Server
- Connecting NetworkClient and NetworkServer Together
Example: A Simple HTTP Server.
- ThreadedEchoServer: Adding Multithreading
RMI: Remote Method Invocation.
- Steps to Building an RMI Application
- A Simple Example
- Example: A Server for Numeric Integration
JDBC: Java DataBase Connectivity.
- Database Calls: An Overview
- Example: A Simple Test Database
- Using Meta Data
- Prepared Statements
Summary.

16. The HyperText Transfer Protocol

Communicating with an HTTP Server.
- The Client Request
- The Server Response
- An Example Interaction
The HTTP Request Line.
- HTTP 1.0 Request Methods
HTTP Request Headers.
The HTTP Response Status Line.
- HTTP 1.0 Status Codes
HTTP Response Headers.
Cookies: Storing Persistent Data on the Client.
- Cookie Syntax
- A Cookie Example
- Privacy and Security Issues
The Response File.
An Overview of Public-Key Cryptography.
- Encryption
- Digital Signatures
- Digitally Signed Encryption
- Digitally Signed Encryption with Delivery Verification
- Using Confirmation Messages to Break Encryption
- Breaking Encryption with Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Summary.

17. CGI Programming and Beyond--The Client Side

Using HTML Forms to Talk to CGI Programs.
The HTML FORM Element.
FORM Input Elements.
- Submit Buttons
- Reset Buttons
- JavaScript Buttons
- Checkboxes
- Radio Buttons
- Textfields
- Password Fields
- Server-Side Image Maps
- Attached Files
- Hidden Fields
- Text Areas
- Combo Boxes and List Boxes
ISINDEX.
ISMAP -- Alternative Server-Side Image Maps.
Using Java Applets to Send GET Data to CGI Programs.
- Sending Data via GET and Displaying the Resultant Page
- Sending Data via GET and Processing the Results
Using Java Applets to Send POST Data to CGI Programs.
- Template for Reading POST Data
- Using POST to Implement a Weather Report Page
Bypassing the HTTP Server and Using Sockets Directly.
Summary.

18. CGI Programming and Beyond--The Server Side

Note: for much more up-to-date information, please see Core Servlets and JavaServer Pages. The complete text is available online in PDF for free access, and all source code is freely accessible as well.

The CGI Interaction Process.
Reading GET Data: The QUERY_STRING Variable.
The Standard CGI Environment Variables.
- Passing Variables as Named Parameters
- Summary of CGI Variables
CGI Command-Line Arguments.
Handling ISINDEX.
Reading POST Data.
Parsing the Query Data.
Breaking Up the Query String.
Decoding URL-Encoded Values.
Building a Look-Up Table for Query Data.
Parsing Query Data: An Example.
Using Cookies.
Server-Side Java.
- Using Servlets
- A Servlet to Help Select Colors
- The HttpServletRequest Class
- The HttpServletResponse Class
- Filtering URLs Using Servlets
Other CGI Alternatives.
- Server APIs
- Server-Side Includes
- LiveWire: Server-Side JavaScript
- JDBC and Direct Socket Connections for Applets
- The WebObjects Adaptor
Summary.

19. JavaScript: Adding Dynamic Content to Web Pages

Generating HTML Dynamically.
- Compatibility with Multiple Browsers
Monitoring User Events.
Basic JavaScript Syntax.
- Dynamic Typing
- Function Declarations
- Objects and Classes
- Arrays
Using JavaScript to Customize Web Pages.
- Avoiding Incompatibility When Using Extensions
- Setting Attribute Values with JavaScript
- Adjusting the Browser Window Size
- Determining if Plugins are Available
Using JavaScript to Make Pages Dynamic.
- Modifying Images Dynamically
- Moving Layers
Using JavaScript to Validate CGI Forms.
- Checking Values Individually
- Checking Values When Form is Submitted
Using JavaScript to Store and Examine Cookies.
Using JavaScript to Interact with Frames.
- Directing a Particular Frame to Display a URL
- Giving a Frame the Input Focus
Accessing Java from JavaScript.
- Calling Java Methods Directly
- Using Applets to Perform Operations for JavaScript
- Controlling Applets from JavaScript
Accessing JavaScript from Java.
- Using the "javascript:" URL
- Using JSObject
Summary.

20. JavaScript Quick Reference

The Array Object.
The Button Object.
The Checkbox Object.
The Date Object.
The Document Object.
The Element Object.
The FileUpload Object.
The Form Object.
The Function Object.
The Hidden Object.
The History Object.
The Image Object.
The JavaObject Object.
The JavaPackage Object.
The Layer Object.
The Link Object.
The Location Object.
The Math Object.
The MimeType Object.
The Navigator Object.
The Number Object.
The Object Object.
The Option Object.
The Password Object.
The Plugin Object.
The Radio Object.
The RegExp Object.
The Reset Object.
The Screen Object.
The Select Object.
The String Object.
The Submit Object.
The Text Object.
The Textarea Object.
The Window Object.
Summary.